Excavation Hazards

Excavation work exposes workers to serious hazards including cave-ins, falling loads, hazardous atmospheres, and utility strikes. Proper shoring, sloping, and safety procedures are critical to preventing fatalities and injuries.

Trench and Excavation Risks

• Cave-ins from unstable soil or lack of protection.
• Falls into excavations or onto equipment.
• Contact with buried utilities (gas, electric, water).
• Toxic gases or lack of oxygen in deep trenches.

Protective Systems

• Sloping: Angling walls away from the excavation.
• Shoring: Installing supports to prevent soil movement.
• Shielding: Using trench boxes or protective barriers.
• All systems must be designed by a competent person based on soil type and depth.

General Safety Guidelines

• Keep materials and heavy equipment at least 1 meter (3 feet) from edges.
• Inspect trenches and protective systems daily and after weather changes.
• Ensure safe access/egress with ladders every 7.5 meters (25 feet).
• Train workers to recognize and report hazards immediately.